初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)：倒裝句

1倒裝句之全部倒裝

全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和 一般過(guò)去時(shí)。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：

1)here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be,come,go,lie,run。

There goes the bell.

Then came the chairman.

Here is your letter.

2)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首，謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。

Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.

Ahead sat an old woman.

注意：上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞，如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。

Here he comes.

Away they went.

2倒裝句之部分倒裝

部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。

1)句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ)，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。

注意：如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。

I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

典型例題

1) Why can't I smoke here?

At no time___ in the meeting-room

A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted

C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit

答案A. 這是一個(gè)倒裝問(wèn)題。當(dāng)否定詞語(yǔ)置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，其句中的主謂須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的正常語(yǔ)序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2)Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is.

A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know

答案D. 看到Not until…的句型，我們知道為一倒裝句，答案在C，D 中選一個(gè)。

改寫為正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)�，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現(xiàn)在將not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就變了。

3以否定詞開頭作部分倒裝

如Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

典型例題

No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily.

A. the game began B. has the game begun

C. did the game begin D. had the game begun

答案D. 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí)，一般采用倒裝句(謂語(yǔ)前置)。這類表示否定意義的詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only…but (also), no sooner…than, hardly… when scarcely… when 等等。

　　 歡迎使用手機(jī)、平板等移動(dòng)設(shè)備訪問(wèn)中考網(wǎng)，2025中考一路陪伴同行！>>點(diǎn)擊查看